しるし

Japanese

Etymology 1
Alternative spellings
印
標
徴
験

From the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb しるす,[1][2][3][4] which is cognate with the verb 知る (shiru) and the obsolete adjective しるし (shirushi) below.[4]

From Old Japanese.[1] Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *sirosi.

Pronunciation

Noun

しるし • (shirushi) 

  1. mark, sign, indication, symbol
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Alternative spelling
著し

Cognate with the verbs 知る (shiru) and しるす (shirusu).[4]

Adjective

しるし • (shirushi) †-ku

  1. (obsolete) clear, obvious, conspicuous
  2. (obsolete) expected
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "しるし" (ク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) しるく[1]
しるから[2]		siruku
sirukara
Continuative (連用形) しるく[1]
しるかり[2]		siruku
sirukari
Terminal (終止形) しるしsirusi
Attributive (連体形) しるき
しるかる		siruki
sirukaru
Realis (已然形) しるけれsirukere
Imperative (命令形) しるかれsirukare
Key constructions
Negative しるからずsirukarazu
Contrasting conjunction しるけれどsirukeredo
Causal conjunction しるければsirukereba
Conditional conjunction しるくばsirukuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) しるかりきsirukariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) しるかりけりsirukarikeri
Adverbial しるくsiruku
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.
Derived terms

References
  1. 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  5. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  6. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. 1960, Hirayama Teruo (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
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