ܟܒܪ

From Aramaic כְּבַר‎ (kəḇar); compare the same in Hebrew כְּבָר‎ (k'vár).

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kwar.]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃvar.]

ܟܒ݂ܲܪ • (kḇar)

1. (preceding a verb in the indefinite past tense) already, long since

   ‏ܐܵܢܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ.‎‎

   ānā kḇar ḵīlā ìwen min qam tē lī laˀḵā.

   I already ate before I came here.

2. (preceding a verb in the non-past tense) perhaps, may

   ‏ܟܒ݂ܲܪ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܗܵܕܟ݂ܵܐ‎ ― kḇar hāwē hādḵā ― it may be so

• This is considered a semi-formal term. In most dialects of colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, speakers simply express the sense of “already” using the indefinite past tense, but maybe use ܟܒ݂ܲܪ (kḇar) to emphasize the earliness of an event or state, or that the action has been completed.

From Aramaic כְּבַר‎ (kəḇar) and כַּבֵּר‎ (kabbēr); compare Arabic كَبُرَ‎ (kabura) and كَبَّرَ‎ (kabbara).

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kɑːwerː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɑːvɪrː]

ܟܵܒ݂ܹܪ • (kāḇēr) (present participle ܟܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ‎ (kḇārā), past participle ܟܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ‎ (kḇīrā))

1. to be much/many

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kabberː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃab.bɪr.]

ܟܲܒܸܪ • (kabbir) (present participle ܟܲܒܘܼܪܹܐ‎ (kabūrē), past participle ܟܘܼܒܪܵܐ‎ (kubrāā))

1. to increase, multiply, make much/many
2. to say the takbir: اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَر‎ (allāhu ʔakbar, “God is greater”)

From Biblical Hebrew כְּבָר‎ (kəḇār)

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kwar.]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃvar.]

ܟܒ݂ܲܪ • (kḇar) f

1. Chebar (A particular river in Mesopotamia)
   • Ezekiel 1:3:

     ‏ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܕܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܚܲܙܩܝܼܐܹܝܠ ܒܪܘܿܢܵܐ ܒܘܿܙܝܼ ܟܵܗܢܵܐ، ܒܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܕܟܲܠܕܵܝܹ̈ܐ ܥܲܠ ܢܲܗܪܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ. ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ ܐܝܼܕܵܐ ܕܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܬܵܡܵܐ.‎‎

     wē lēh hēmizmān d-māryā ˁal ḥazqīˀēl brōnā bōzī kāhnā, b-arˁā d-kaldāyē ˁal nahrā kḇar. w-wē lēh ˁalūh īdā d-māryā tāmā.

     The word of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the Lord was upon him there.

   • Ezekiel 3:15:

     ‏ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܠܫܒ݂ܝܼܬܵܐ ܠܬܸܠ ܐܲܒ݂ܝܼܒ݂ ܕܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܝܼ ܐܲܝܟܵܐ ܕܐܵܢܝܼ ܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܥܲܠ ܢܲܗܪܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܲܪ؛ ܘܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܠܝܼ ܬܵܡܵܐ ܫܲܒ݂ܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܥܓ̰ܝܼܒܵܐ ܓܵܘܵܝܗܝ.‎‎

     w-tē lī l-šḇītā l-til aḇīḇ d-ytīḇ lī aykā d-ānī tīḇ lhōn ˁal nahrā kḇar; w-ytīḇ lī tāmā šaḇˁā yāwmānē ˁjībā gāwāyh.

     Then I came to the captives at Tel Abib, who dwelt by the River Chebar; and I sat where they sat, and remained there astonished among them seven days.