ܐܚܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
| Root |
|---|
| ܐ ܚ ܐ (ˀ ḥ ˀ) |
| 4 terms |
Etymology
From Aramaic אֲחָא (ʾăḥā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫw-; compare Arabic أَخ (ʔaḵ), Hebrew אָח ('ákh) and Akkadian 𒋀 (aḫum)
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [ʔaxɑː]
Noun
ܐܲܚܵܐ • (aḥḥā) m sg (plural ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (aḥwāṯē), feminine ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯā))
- brother (male sibling having parents in common)
- ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܡܲܟ̰ܫ݇ܚܸܢ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܚܝܼ، ܩܵܡ ܛܲܠܩܸܢ ܠܹܗ. ― wālē d-mačḥin lēh aḥī, qām ṭalqin lēh. ― I have to find my brother, I lost him.
- ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܚܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܣܘܲܝܕ݂ ܘܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܐܲܠܡܵܢܝܼܵܐ. ― īṯ lāh aḥḥā gāw swayḏ w-ḥāṯā gāw almānīyā. ― She has a brother in Sweden and a sister in Germany.
- Proverbs 17:17:
- ܚܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܒܟܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒ، ܘܐܲܚܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܥܕܵܢܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܠܨܵܢܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܠܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ.
- ḥaḇrā b-kul zaḇnā kē maḥḥib, w-aḥḥā qā ˁdānā d-ūlṣānā pīšā ìlēh līḏā.
- A friend loves at all times, And a brother is born for adversity.
- (in the plural) siblings
- kinsman, friend, companion
- monk, friar
Usage notes
- This term on its own is used both literally and figuratively; including full brothers, half-brothers and step-brothers.
Inflection
Inflection of ܐܲܚܵܐ (aḥḥā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | ܐܲܚ (aḥ) |
1st person | ܐܲܚܝܼ (aḥī) |
ܐܲܚܘܼܢ (aḥūn) | ||
| construct | ܐܲܚܘܼ (aḥū) |
2nd person | ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ (aḥūḵ) |
ܐܲܚܘܵܟ݂ܝ (aḥwāḵ) |
ܐܲܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥḥāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܐܲܚܵܐ (aḥḥā) |
3rd person | ܐܲܚܘܼܗܝ (aḥūh) |
ܐܲܚܘܿܗ̇ (aḥḥōh) |
ܐܲܚܘܼܗܘܿܢ (aḥūhōn) | ||
| plural | absolute | ܐܲܚܝܼ̈ܢ (aḥīn) |
1st person | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (aḥwāṯī) |
ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (aḥwāṯan) | ||
| construct | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ (aḥwāṯ) |
2nd person | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (aḥwāṯūḵ) |
ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (aḥwāṯāḵ) |
ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯāwḵōn) | ||
| emphatic | ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (aḥwāṯē) |
3rd person | ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (aḥwāṯūh) |
ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (aḥwāṯōh) |
ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯhōn) | ||
Derived terms
- ܐܲܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥḥūṯā, “brotherhood, fraternity”)
- ܐܲܚܘܿܢܵܐ (aḥōnā, “little brother; brother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܐ ܐܘܼܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ūgā, “half brother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܐ ܚܘܼܪܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ḥūrgāˀ, “stepbrother”)
- ܐܲܚܵܝܵܐ (aḥḥāyā, “brotherly, fraternal”)
- ܐ݇ܚܝܵܢܵܐ (ḥyānā, “relative”)
- ܒܲܪ ܐܲܚܵܐ (bar aḥḥā, “fraternal nephew”)
- ܒܲܪ݇ܬ ܐܲܚܵܐ (bat aḥḥā, “fraternal niece”)
Classical Syriac
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *ʾaḫ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʔăħɑ] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ʔăħe] (plural)
Noun
ܐܚܐ • (ʾăḥā) m (plural ܐܚܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܬܐ)
Usage notes
The word ܐܚܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇāʾ, “father”) and ܚܡܐ (ḥəmā, “father-in-law”).
Inflection
declension of ܐܚܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܐܚ | ܐܚܝܢ |
| construct | ܐܚ | ܐܚܝ |
| emphatic | ܐܚܐ | ܐܚܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܐܚܝ | ܐܚܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܐܚܘܟ | ܐܚܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܐܚܘܟܝ | ܐܚܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܐܚܘܗܝ | ܐܚܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܐܚܘܗ | ܐܚܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܐܚܘܢ | ܐܚܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܐܚܘܟܘܢ | ܐܚܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܐܚܘܟܝܢ | ܐܚܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܐܚܘܗܘܢ | ܐܚܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܐܚܘܗܝܢ | ܐܚܝܗܝܢ |
References
- “ˀḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-06-15
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 5a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 9b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 25a
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