هنگام

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hngʾm /⁠hangām⁠/, “time, occasion”); by surface analysis, هن‎ (han, “alternative form of هم‎ (ham, “co-”)”) +‎ گام‎ (gām, “step”).[1] Akin to Old Armenian հանգամանք (hangamankʿ, “details, circumstances, way”), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [häŋ.ɡɑːm]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʔäŋ.ɡɑːm]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʔäŋ.ɡɔːm]

Readings
Classical reading? hangām
Dari reading? hangām
Iranian reading? hangâm, hengâm
Tajik reading? hangom

Noun
Dari هنگام
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҳангом

هنگام • (hangâm, hengâm)[2][3]

  1. time, hour
    • 9th century, Firdowsi, Shahnameh
      ‏به جامسپ گفت ار چنین است کار
      به هنگام رفتن سوی کارزار      ‎
      ba jâmasp guft ar čenin ast kâr
      ba hangâm-î raftan sôy-î kârzâr
  2. (rare) season
    • 11th century, Manuchehri
      ‏هنگام بهار است و جهان چون بت فرخار
      خیز ای بت فرخار و بیار آن گل بی خار      ‎
      hangâm-î bahâr ast u jahân čun but-î farxâr, xêz ay but-î farxâr u beyâr ân gul-î be xâr

Derived terms
  • بهنگام‎ (behengâm)
  • هنگامه‎ (hengâme)
  • هنگامی که‎ (hengâmi ke)
  • شباهنگام‎ (šabâhengâm)

Descendants
  • → Gujarati: હંગામ (haṅgām)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 128
  2. Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “هنگام”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
  3. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “hngʾm”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 42
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.