باب

See also: تأت‎, پاپ‎, بات‎, تاب‎, تأب‎, and باپ‎

Arabic
بَاب‎
Root
ب و ب‎ (b-w-b)

Etymology

Usually considered a borrowing from Aramaic בָּבָא‎ (bāḇā, “gate”), from Akkadian 𒆍 (bābum, “gate”), particularly since the Arabs, living in tents, did not need doors. However, Hans Bauer considers all of these words native, explaining the formation as an ancient univerbation of etyma equivalent to Arabic بَاءَ‎ (bāʔa) بِ‎ (bi) “he has entered into (the house)”.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /baːb/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

بَاب • (bāb) m (plural أَبْوَاب‎ (ʔabwāb) or بِيبَان‎ (bībān))

  1. door, gate
  2. opening, gateway
  3. entrance
  4. gullet, weasand
    • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 33, Art. 10, page 677 line 6:
      ‏وقد تخرج للدابة من حنكها ويسمي التحنيك وصفة العمل في ذلك إذا أحنكت الدابة فأفتح لها من الدرجة الثالثة والرابعة ولا تفتح لها قرب الباب لأن الدم ربما عسر إمساكه فتلف الدابة.‎‎
      One may extract the blood from the jaw of a beast and it is called taḥnīk and the operation consists in that you have bound the beast with a chinstrap and now cut it open to the third or fourth degree but don’t open it close the throat as it may be difficult to contain the blood and the beast will succumb.
  5. opportunity, a chance, opening
  6. military tactic, maneuver, an opening to use a strategy
  7. chapter, section, column
  8. group, class, category
  9. (astronomy) appearance of an astronomical body, a juncture, an opening to observe
  10. (figurative) domain, field

Declension
Declension of noun بَاب‎ (bāb)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَاب‎
bāb		 الْبَاب‎
al-bāb		 بَاب‎
bāb
Nominative بَابٌ‎
bābun		 الْبَابُ‎
al-bābu		 بَابُ‎
bābu
Accusative بَابًا‎
bāban		 الْبَابَ‎
al-bāba		 بَابَ‎
bāba
Genitive بَابٍ‎
bābin		 الْبَابِ‎
al-bābi		 بَابِ‎
bābi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَابَيْن‎
bābayn		 الْبَابَيْن‎
al-bābayn		 بَابَيْ‎
bābay
Nominative بَابَانِ‎
bābāni		 الْبَابَانِ‎
al-bābāni		 بَابَا‎
bābā
Accusative بَابَيْنِ‎
bābayni		 الْبَابَيْنِ‎
al-bābayni		 بَابَيْ‎
bābay
Genitive بَابَيْنِ‎
bābayni		 الْبَابَيْنِ‎
al-bābayni		 بَابَيْ‎
bābay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَبْوَاب‎‎; بِيبَان‎
ʔabwāb‎; bībān		 الْأَبْوَاب‎‎; الْبِيبَان‎
al-ʔabwāb‎; al-bībān		 أَبْوَاب‎‎; بِيبَان‎
ʔabwāb‎; bībān
Nominative أَبْوَابٌ‎‎; بِيبَانٌ‎
ʔabwābun‎; bībānun		 الْأَبْوَابُ‎‎; الْبِيبَانُ‎
al-ʔabwābu‎; al-bībānu		 أَبْوَابُ‎‎; بِيبَانُ‎
ʔabwābu‎; bībānu
Accusative أَبْوَابًا‎‎; بِيبَانًا‎
ʔabwāban‎; bībānan		 الْأَبْوَابَ‎‎; الْبِيبَانَ‎
al-ʔabwāba‎; al-bībāna		 أَبْوَابَ‎‎; بِيبَانَ‎
ʔabwāba‎; bībāna
Genitive أَبْوَابٍ‎‎; بِيبَانٍ‎
ʔabwābin‎; bībānin		 الْأَبْوَابِ‎‎; الْبِيبَانِ‎
al-ʔabwābi‎; al-bībāni		 أَبْوَابِ‎‎; بِيبَانِ‎
ʔabwābi‎; bībāni

Derived terms
  • مِنْ بَابِ أَوْلَى‎ (min bābi ʔawlā)
  • مَقْبِض الْبَاب‎ (maqbiḍ al-bāb, “doorknob”)
  • بَابَة‎ (bāba)
  • بَوَّاب‎ (bawwāb)
  • بَوَّابَة‎ (bawwāba)
  • تَبْوِيب‎ (tabwīb)
  • مُبَوَّب‎ (mubawwab)

Descendants
  • Maltese: bieb
  • → Middle Armenian: պապ (pap), բաբ (bab)
  • → Malay: bab
    • Indonesian: bab

References
  • Bauer, Hans (1935), “Etymologica II”, in Zeitschrift für Semitistik und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 10, page 165
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 14
  • Freytag, Georg (1830), “باب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 170
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 74
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “باب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 101
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “باب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
  • Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 30

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَاب‎ (bāb).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈbæːb]

Noun

باب • (bāb) m (plural بيبان‎ (bibā́n))

  1. door

Malay

Adjective

باب (plural باب-باب‎ or باب۲‎, informal 1st possessive بابکو‎, 2nd possessive بابمو‎, 3rd possessive بابڽ‎)

  1. Jawi spelling of bab

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَاب‎ (bāb).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /baːb/
  • Audio(file)
  • Audio(file)

Noun

باب • (bāb) m or f (plural بيبان‎ (bībān) or بواب‎ (bwāb))

  1. door, gate

Persian

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? bāḇ
Dari reading? bāb
Iranian reading? bâb
Tajik reading? bob

Adjective

باب • (bâb)

  1. appropriate

Etymology 2

From Arabic بَاب‎ (bāb).

Noun
Dari باب‎
Iranian Persian
Tajik боб

باب • (bâb) (plural باب‌ها‎ (bâb-hâ))

  1. door
  2. gate
  3. chapter

Proper noun

باب • (bâb)

  1. the Báb
Synonyms
  • بابی‎ (bâbi)

Noun

باب • (bâb)

  1. (archaic) father

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English Bob.

Proper noun

باب • (bâb)

  1. A transliteration of the English male given name diminutive Bob
    ‏باب اسفنجی‎ ― bâb esfanji ― SpongeBob
    ‏باب دیلن‎ ― bâb dilen ― Bob Dylan

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَاب‎ (bāb).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /baːb/, [bæːb]
  • Audio (al-Lidd)(file)

Noun

باب • (bāb) m (plural بواب‎ (bwāb))

  1. door
  2. gate
    Synonym: بوابة‎ (bawwābe)
  3. entrance
    Synonym: مدخل‎ (madḵal)
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